Any client assessment of VoIP should start with bandwidth capacity planning. This is particularly important because VoIP voice quality degrades quickly with contention from other applications. The goal is to gauge the total bandwidth on the client's network, estimate the current bandwidth utilization of applications, decide if there is enough remaining (unused) bandwidth to sustain the maximum number of planned voice channels (roughly 64 kbps per channel), and try to predict the amount of bandwidth needed by applications or users into the foreseeable future.
"Network capacity becomes more a measure of how many simultaneous calls the network can process," Zuk said. "This concept of peak load -- the maximum assumed volume that the network should be able to handle -- will be the basis of VoIP capacity planning." If you determine that your client's network has adequate bandwidth now and into the future, you can plan and implement VoIP. If there isn't enough available network bandwidth (or you suspect a near-term bandwidth shortage), you'll need to recommend suitable network upgrades for the client before VoIP can be deployed.
Essentially, each channel can only handle so much of data per channel 64Kbps
references:
http://searchitchannel.techtarget.com/feature/Channel-Explained-Voice-over-Internet-Protocol-VoIP
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